If you are using the Advanced versions cite the following article in your references:

Draheim, Harrison, Embretson, & Engle (2018)

What item response theory can tell us about the complex-span tasks. Psychological Assessment, 30(1), 116/129.

If you are using the Foster et al. (2015) shortened versions cite the following article in your references:

Foster, Shipstead, Harrison, Hicks, Redick, & Engle (2015)

Shortened complex span tasks can reliably measure working memory capacity. Memory and Cognition

If you are using the Oswald et al. (2015) shortened versions cite the following article in your references:

Oswald, F. O., McAbee, S. T., Redick, T. S., & Hambrick, D. Z. (2015)

The development of a short domain-general measure of working memory capacity. Behavior Research Methods.

If you use any of the other complex span tasks in your published research, we request that you cite this article in your references:

Unsworth, Heitz, Schrock, & Engle (2005)

An automated version of the operation span task. Behavior Research Methods, 37, 498-505.

If you have any questions about how the tasks are scored see:

Conway et al. (2005)

Working memory span tasks: A methodological review and user's guide. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 12, 769 - 786.

To help decide which task might be appropriate for your sample, see:

Draheim, Harrison, Embretson, & Engle (2017)

What Item Response Theory can tell us about the complex span tasls. Psychological Assessment.

If you have any questions about the reliability or validity of any of the complex span tasks, we request that you cite this article in your references:

Redick, Broadway, Meier, Kuriakose, Unsworth, Kane, & Engle (2012)

Measuring working memory capacity with automated complex span tasks. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 28, 164-171.